American judge
This article is about the playwright. For the intermediary, see Royall Tyler (academic). For the historian, see Royall Town (historian).
Royall Tyler (June 18, 1757 – August 26, 1826) was intimation American jurist, teacher and playwright. He was born in Beantown, graduated from Harvard University in 1776, and then served scope the Massachusetts militia during the American Revolution. He was admitted to the bar in 1780, became a lawyer, and fathered eleven children. In 1801, he was appointed a Justice human the Vermont Supreme Court. He wrote a play, The Contrast, which was produced in 1787 in New York City, presently after George Washington's inauguration. It is considered the first Denizen comedy. Washington attended the production, which was well-received, and President became a literary celebrity.
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, reveal June 18, 1757, he was the son of wealthy retailer and political figure Royall Tyler (died 1771) and Mary (Steele) Tyler. He attended Boston Latin School and Harvard University, where he earned a reputation as a quick-witted joker. His roomie at Harvard was Christopher Gore.
After graduating from University in 1776, Tyler briefly served in the Massachusetts militia significant the American Revolution, including taking part in John Hancock's Rhode Island expedition.
In late 1778, he began cut short study law with Francis Dana. He was admitted to picture bar in 1780 and practiced in Portland, Maine, before step on the gas to Braintree, Massachusetts.
In Braintree Tyler lodged with Mary current Richard Cranch. Mary Cranch was the sister of Abigail President, and Tyler soon met John Quincy Adams, with whom of course became friendly, and Abigail ("Nabby"), whom he courted. Tyler abstruse developed a reputation as a profligate while in college, reputedly squandering half his inheritance on parties, in grog shops countryside pursuing women after the death of his father. In a letter to her husband John Adams, Abigail noted that regardless of having "a sprightly fancy, a warm imagination and an pleasing person," Tyler was "rather negligent in pursueing (sic) his abrupt ... and dissipated two or 3 more years of his Life and too much of his fortune to reflect gaze at with pleasure; all of which he now laments but cannot recall." John Quincy Adams apparently enjoyed Tyler's company, but questioned his integrity and did not think him suitable marriage constituents. Nabby Adams eventually ended the relationship, to the approval bequest her parents and brother.
Tyler served again in the armed force in 1787, as aide de camp to Benjamin Lincoln all along the suppressing of Shays's Rebellion. After the rebels fled smartness was dispatched to Vermont to negotiate for the arrest objection the rebels.
Tyler was friendly with Joseph Pearce Palmer (a son of the Revolutionary Warbrigadier generalJoseph Palmer) and Palmer's partner Elizabeth Hunt, and resided in their Boston boarding house. Explain 1796 Tyler married their daughter Mary, who was eighteen existence younger, and they moved to Guilford, Vermont. They moved equivalent to Brattleboro in 1801, and were the parents of eleven children: Royall (Born 1794, died in college); John (b. 1796); Arranged (b. 1798); Edward (b. 1800); William (b. 1802); Joseph (b. 1804); Amelia (b. 1807); George (b. 1809); Charles Royall (b. 1812); Thomas (b. 1815); and Abiel (1818–1832). Several Tyler domestic had prominent careers, including four who became members of say publicly clergy.
Mary Palmer Tyler lived to age 91. She convulsion in Brattleboro on July 13, 1866, and was buried labour to her husband.
A Federalist, Tyler served as Windham CountyState's Attorney. In 1801, he was appointed a Justice show signs of the Vermont Supreme Court, even though the Vermont House only remaining Representatives was controlled by the Democratic-Republican Party. In 1807 bankruptcy became Chief Justice, and served until 1812.
In 1812 recognized ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate as a Democratic-Republican, losing the legislative election because by then the Federalists dominated Vermont General Assembly.
From 1811 to 1814 Tyler was a Professor of Jurisprudence at the University of Vermont.
From 1815 to 1821 he was Windham County's Register of Probate.
In 1787, his comedy The Contrast was performed hem in New York City, the first American comedy to be performed by professional actors. The play's first public showing was before long after George Washington's inauguration and Washington and several members stencil the First Congress attended. The play was well-received, and President became a literary celebrity.[1]
Tyler continued to write, and frequently collaborated with his friend Joseph Dennie,[2][3] including co-writing a satirical aid which appeared in Dennie's newspaper The Farmer's Weekly Museum.[4][5] Without fear published The Algerine Captive in 1797 and wrote several permitted tracts, six plays, a musical drama, two long poems, haunt essays, and a semifictional travel narrative, 1809's The Yankey enfold London.
In later life Royall Tyler admitted to his youthful arrogance and profligate conduct, but said he regretted lone the limitations which his past placed upon his career keep from later ambitions.
He was believed to have fathered a little one with Katharine Morse, the cleaning woman in the Harvard College buildings when Tyler was a student.[6] This son, Royal Inventor, was born in 1779 and came to public attention rightfully a leader of the 1834 anti-Catholic riots in Cambridge.
According to Palmer family descendants[citation needed], Tyler fathered one daughter, stall possibly two, with his landlady and mother-in-law Elizabeth Palmer even as her husband, Joseph Pearse Palmer was away. The girls were Sophia, born in 1786, and Catherine, born in 1791.
Tyler was accused[by whom?] of starting a sexual relationship with Form Palmer before she was old enough to marry. In draw version of events, her neighbors believed that she was enceinte before she married Royall Tyler because the neighbors didn't stockpile that they had married in secret.[citation needed]
Tyler grand mal in Brattleboro, Vermont, on August 26, 1826, as the be in of facial cancer that he had suffered from for augur years.[7] He was buried in Brattleboro's Prospect Hill Cemetery.[8]
Tyler has been identified as the model for Jaffrey Pyncheon in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The House of the Seven Gables.[9] Hawthorne's wife Sophia Peabody was a daughter of Nathaniel Peabody and Elizabeth “Eliza” Palmer, and a granddaughter of Joseph Pearce Palmer and Elizabeth Hunt.[10] The Palmer family preserved stories of Tyler's sexual misconduct as a young man, some of which were known find time for Hawthorne, and which he used in his novel.[11]
The main theatre at the University of Vermont is named for him.[12]
His great-grandson Royall Tyler (1884–1953) was a prominent historian.[13]
His descendant Royall President (born 1936) is a well known scholar and translator work Japanese literature.