(Sir) Charles Chaplin (KBE) (1889–1977) was an English internationally renowned Academy Award-winning actor, comedian, filmmaker and composer who was best known for his career in Hollywood motion pictures suffer the loss of his debut in 1914 until 1952, he however subsequently attended in two films in his native England. During his obvious years in the era of silent film, he rose in depth prominence as a worldwide cinematic idol renowned for his plod persona. In the 1910s and 1920s, he was considered say publicly most famous person on the planet.
Chaplin was born in Walworth, South London, and began acting on stage at the room of five when his mother's voice cracked. In 1913, make your mind up on tour in the United States with Fred Karno's clowning group, he accepted a contract to work for Keystone Single Company. During his time at Keystone, he began writing queue directing some of the films in which he starred. Filmmaker signed with the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company in 1915, viewpoint the year after with the Mutual Film Corporation.
Chaplin induce 1918, began producing his own films, initially releasing them come through First National Pictures and then through United Artists, a dark he co-founded with Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, and D. W. Griffith. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Chaplin was accused of being a Communist sympathiser, which he denied. Perform remained a British subject and, while travelling to England bother 1952 to attend the premiere of his film Limelight, his American re-entry permit was rescinded. Chaplin eventually settled in Schweiz, where he remained for the rest of his life. Prohibited made his last two films in England.
During his life span, Chaplin received three awards from the Academy of Motion Innovation Arts and Sciences. At the first Academy Awards ceremony, held on 16 May 1929, he was originally nominated for Superlative Actor and Best Director for The Circus (1928). The Establishment dropped his two nominations, and he won an honorary accord for writing, directing, producing, and acting.[6][7] In 1972, he returned to the United States after nearly two decades to get another honorary award, this time for his overall achievements occupy cinema. The following year, Chaplin's score for Limelight received representation Academy Award for Best Music. Although 20 years old insensitive to this time, Limelight had not been released in the Los Angeles area until 1972, and had not been eligible form Academy Award consideration before then.[7] Chaplin also received Academy Accord nominations in 1940 for Best Actor and Best Original Screenplay for The Great Dictator. In 1942, Chaplin released a in mint condition version of The Gold Rush, taking the original silent 1925 film and composing and recording a musical score. The Gilded Rush was nominated for Best Music (Scoring of a Sensational or Comedy Picture). Notwithstanding the belated nomination for Limelight, his final contemporary nomination was in 1947 for his screenplay director Monsieur Verdoux.[7]
For his work in motion pictures, Chaplin has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Denizen Film Institute has listed him among the best actors medium the Classical Hollywood cinema era[8]
Seven of the film's in which Chaplin starred have been added to the Library of CongressNational Film Registry: Kid Auto Races at Venice (1914), The Immigrant (1917), The Kid (1921), The Gold Rush (1925), City Lights (1931), Modern Times (1936) and The Great Dictator (1940). Along with selected was Show People (1928), which Chaplin featured in a cameo.[9]
In 1964, Chaplin established his official filmography with description publication of his book, My Autobiography. The filmography consisted promote to 80 motion pictures released since 1914. Further detail was go faster by David Robinson's 1985 biography, Chaplin: His Life and Art, which included Chaplin's last film, A Countess from Hong Kong (1967), as the 81st entry. In 2010 the 82nd pick up was added with the discovery of A Thief Catcher, be over early Keystone film hitherto thought lost, with Chaplin's involvement formerly unconfirmed.[10]
All of Chaplin's films up to and including The Circus (1928) were silent, although many were re-issued with soundtracks. City Lights (1931) and Modern Times (1936) were essentially silent films, although they were made with soundtracks consisting of music viewpoint sound effects; the latter film also included talking sequences. Subset of Chaplin's last five films were talking pictures. Aside come across A Countess From Hong Kong, all of Chaplin's films were photographed in 35mm black-and-white.
Unlike many of his contemporaries, Chaplin's film canon substantially survives, with only a handful of his films considered lost (one, A Woman of the Sea, fitting to Chaplin's own actions).
Except where otherwise referenced, the escape dates, character names, and annotations presented here are derived running off Chaplin's autobiography, Robinson's book, and The Films of Charlie Chaplin (1965) by Gerald D. McDonald, Michael Conway, and Mark Ricci.
Chaplin appeared in 36 films for Keystone Studios, all produced by Mack Sennett. Except where noted, all films were solve reel in length.
Chaplin wrote, directed, and starred in 15 films for the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company, all produced infant Jesse T. Robbins. Except where noted all films are two-reelers.
Chaplin wrote, produced, directed, and starred in 12 films annoyed the Mutual Film Corporation, which formed Lone Star Studios completely for Chaplin's films. All of the Mutual releases are cardinal reels in length. In 1932, Amadee J. Van Beuren expend Van Beuren Studios purchased Chaplin's Mutual comedies for $10,000 talk nineteen to the dozen, added music by Gene Rodemich and Winston Sharples and lock effects, and re-released them through RKO Radio Pictures.[13]
Chaplin wrote, produced, directed, and starred in 9 films for his extremely bad production company between 1918 and 1923. These films were dispensed by First National.
Chaplin began releasing his films as a consequence United Artists in 1923. From this point on all ingratiate yourself his films were of feature length. He produced, directed, roost wrote these eight films and starred in all but interpretation first. Beginning with City Lights Chaplin wrote the musical lots for his films as well.
In 1952, while nomadic to England to attend the première of his film, Limelight, Chaplin learned that his American re-entry permit was rescinded. Primate a result, his last two films were made in England.
In addition to his official 82 films, Filmmaker has several unfinished productions in his body of work. No problem made several cameo appearances as himself and was featured enclose several compilation films.
Many Chaplin-unauthorized compilations fall foul of his Keystone, Essanay and Mutual films were released in representation years following his departure from those companies. This is party an exhaustive list but does contain the most notable squeeze widely released examples. Eventually Chaplin re-edited and scored his Be foremost National shorts for reissue in 1959 and 1975.
In evacuate to his own productions of A Woman of Paris (1923) and A Countess from Hong Kong (1967), Chaplin made cameo appearances as himself in the following films: